Sleep / CBT-I Members

Why Can’t I Sleep When I’m Stressed?

A client handout explaining stress-related insomnia and hyperarousal, factors that keep people wired, wind-down strategies and a personal plan.

1-page fillable PDF · US Letter (prints on A4) · Psychoeducation

Key facts

Approach / concern
Sleep / CBT-I
Technique
Psychoeducation
Format
Fillable PDF, 1 page (US Letter / A4)
Access
Pro and Advanced plans (3-day free trial)
For
Licensed clinicians to use with clients
Updated
October 2026

What is the Why Can’t I Sleep When I’m Stressed??

Stress-related insomnia involves cognitive and physiological hyperarousal: worry, rumination and elevated arousal that are incompatible with sleep. Efforts to force sleep often increase arousal.

Why it works

Harvey’s (2002) cognitive model describes how worry, monitoring and safety behaviours maintain insomnia. The hyperarousal model is supported by physiological and cognitive evidence (Riemann et al., 2010).

When to use it

  • Stress-related sleep problems
  • Racing mind at night
  • Introducing CBT-I
  • Students and shift workers

How to use it in session

  1. Explain the stress-sleep link.
  2. Identify wiring factors.
  3. Plan a wind-down routine.
  4. Move worry earlier in the day.
  5. Review with a sleep diary.

Clinician tips

  • Avoid sleep effort messages.
  • Pair with constructive worry.
  • Refer for CBT-I when chronic.

Worked example

Thoughts: tomorrow’s deadline. Plan: 9 p.m. write a to-do list, 10 p.m. dim lights and read, bed at 11.

Sharing with clients

Members can download the PDF to print or email, or copy a private client link from the download box. Your client opens the link and downloads the worksheet on any device. No client account is needed, and nothing your client writes is stored on TherapyAid.

Frequently asked questions

Why am I tired but wired?

Your body may be exhausted while your stress system stays alert.

Should I stay in bed if I can’t sleep?

If you’re awake and frustrated for about 20 minutes, get up and do something calm until sleepy.

References

Harvey, A. G. (2002). A cognitive model of insomnia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 40(8), 869-893.

Riemann, D., Spiegelhalder, K., Feige, B., Voderholzer, U., Berger, M., Perlis, M., & Nissen, C. (2010). The hyperarousal model of insomnia: A review of the concept and its evidence. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 14(1), 19-31.

This worksheet is an educational tool for use by, or under the guidance of, a licensed or registered mental-health professional. It is not a diagnostic instrument or a substitute for clinical judgement. If a client is in crisis in Canada, call or text 9-8-8 or call 9-1-1.