Confidentiality & Its Limits (Client Handout)
A plain-language client handout explaining confidentiality in therapy and its main limits (risk to self, risk to others, child protection, legal requirements), with space for questions.
1-page fillable PDF · US Letter (prints on A4) · Informed consent
- Approach / concern
- Clinician Tools
- Technique
- Informed consent
- Format
- Fillable PDF, 1 page (US Letter / A4)
- Access
- Advanced plan
- For
- Licensed clinicians to use with clients
- Updated
- October 2026
Key facts
What is the Confidentiality & Its Limits (Client Handout)?
Informed consent includes explaining confidentiality and its limits at the start of therapy. Clients have a right to understand when information may be shared without consent, such as serious risk of harm, child protection concerns and legal requirements.
Why it works
The Canadian Code of Ethics for Psychologists emphasizes respect for privacy and informed consent (CPA, 2017). Clear, upfront discussion of confidentiality limits is recommended ethical practice (Fisher, 2008).
When to use it
- Intake and first sessions
- Group therapy orientation
- Telehealth onboarding
- Working with youth and families
How to use it in session
- Review the handout verbally with the client.
- Adapt to provincial law and your profession.
- Invite questions.
- Document that it was reviewed.
- Revisit if circumstances change.
Clinician tips
- Explain limits before sensitive disclosures arise.
- Clarify confidentiality rules for minors and parents.
- Include how records are stored and for how long.
Worked example
Sharing with clients
Members can download the PDF to print or email, or copy a private client link from the download box. Your client opens the link and downloads the worksheet on any device. No client account is needed, and nothing your client writes is stored on TherapyAid.
Frequently asked questions
Is this handout legally sufficient?
No. It’s general information. Clinicians must adapt it to provincial laws, regulatory standards and their practice policies.
Can my family find out what I say in therapy?
Generally no, without your consent, except in the limited situations described and, for minors, as permitted by law.
References
Canadian Psychological Association. (2017). Canadian code of ethics for psychologists (4th ed.). Canadian Psychological Association.
Fisher, M. A. (2008). Protecting confidentiality rights: The need for an ethical practice model. American Psychologist, 63(1), 1-13.
This worksheet is an educational tool for use by, or under the guidance of, a licensed or registered mental-health professional. It is not a diagnostic instrument or a substitute for clinical judgement. If a client is in crisis in Canada, call or text 9-8-8 or call 9-1-1.
